{
  "name": "Around knowledge graph",
  "url": "https://around.ie",
  "license": "Free to read and cite with attribution to around.ie",
  "generated": "2026-07-07",
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      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "leave-plan-new-zealand-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The best ways to spend leave days in New Zealand in 2026",
      "description": "Where New Zealand's 2026 public holidays already lean your way: the year's best bridges and blocks, computed from the calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/leave-plan-new-zealand-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "leave-plan-poland-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The best ways to spend leave days in Poland in 2026",
      "description": "Where Poland's 2026 public holidays already lean your way: the year's best bridges and blocks, computed from the calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/leave-plan-poland-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "leave-plan-portugal-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The best ways to spend leave days in Portugal in 2026",
      "description": "Where Portugal's 2026 public holidays already lean your way: the year's best bridges and blocks, computed from the calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/leave-plan-portugal-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "leave-plan-spain-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The best ways to spend leave days in Spain in 2026",
      "description": "Where Spain's 2026 public holidays already lean your way: the year's best bridges and blocks, computed from the calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/leave-plan-spain-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "leave-plan-united-kingdom-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The best ways to spend leave days in United Kingdom in 2026",
      "description": "Where United Kingdom's 2026 public holidays already lean your way: the year's best bridges and blocks, computed from the calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/leave-plan-united-kingdom-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "leave-plan-united-states-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The best ways to spend leave days in United States in 2026",
      "description": "Where United States's 2026 public holidays already lean your way: the year's best bridges and blocks, computed from the calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/leave-plan-united-states-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "negative-real-returns",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "When savings lose money while growing",
      "description": "A worked example of negative real returns: 2% interest under 5% inflation is a loss wearing a plus sign.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/negative-real-returns/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "overpaying-100-a-month",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "Overpaying a mortgage by €100 a month",
      "description": "What a steady €100 overpayment does to a €300,000 mortgage: the years removed and the interest saved.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/overpaying-100-a-month/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "quarter-point-on-a-mortgage",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "What a quarter-point rise does to a mortgage",
      "description": "The smallest step a central bank usually takes, priced on a €300,000 mortgage: €43.57 a month, worked through.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/quarter-point-on-a-mortgage/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "removing-vat-from-a-price",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "Removing VAT from a price",
      "description": "Getting the net out of a VAT-inclusive price: divide, never subtract — worked with real numbers.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/removing-vat-from-a-price/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "same-mortgage-three-terms",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "The same mortgage over 25, 30 and 35 years",
      "description": "One loan, three terms: how the monthly payment and the lifetime interest trade against each other.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/same-mortgage-three-terms/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "stacked-discounts",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "Why 20% off then 10% off isn’t 30% off",
      "description": "A worked example of stacked percentages: successive discounts multiply rather than add, and the gap is real money.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/stacked-discounts/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "starting-at-25-vs-35",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "Starting at 25 vs starting at 35",
      "description": "Ten years’ head start, same monthly saving: the gap at retirement is bigger than most people guess.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/starting-at-25-vs-35/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "vat-on-100-euro",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "VAT on €100, worked through",
      "description": "What the standard and reduced Irish rates each do to a €100 net price — and how to read the gross that results.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/vat-on-100-euro/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "what-100-buys-in-20-years",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "What €100 buys after 20 years of inflation",
      "description": "The quiet arithmetic of 2% a year: what today’s €100 of shopping costs in 10, 20 and 35 years.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/what-100-buys-in-20-years/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "working-days-in-2026",
      "type": "example",
      "title": "How many working days are in 2026?",
      "description": "The weekday arithmetic of one year, worked through: total days, weekends, and Monday-to-Friday working days.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/examples/working-days-in-2026/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "aer",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "AER (annual equivalent rate)",
      "description": "What a savings rate really pays over a year once compounding frequency is taken into account.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/aer/",
      "aliases": [
        "annual equivalent rate",
        "effective annual rate"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "amortisation",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Amortisation",
      "description": "Paying a loan down with instalments that cover interest first and principal with the rest, on a fixed schedule.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/amortisation/",
      "aliases": [
        "amortization",
        "amortisation schedule"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "apr",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "APR (annual percentage rate)",
      "description": "The yearly cost of borrowing including standard charges, used to compare loans and credit cards.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/apr/",
      "aliases": [
        "annual percentage rate"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "aprc",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "APRC (annual percentage rate of charge)",
      "description": "The all-in yearly cost of a mortgage including fees, designed so offers can be compared like-for-like.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/aprc/",
      "aliases": [
        "annual percentage rate of charge"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "basis-point",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Basis point",
      "description": "One hundredth of a percentage point — the unit finance uses when percentage-point moves are too coarse.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/basis-point/",
      "aliases": [
        "bp",
        "bps",
        "bips"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "central-bank",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Central bank",
      "description": "The institution behind a currency: it sets policy rates, targets price stability, and banks the banks.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/central-bank/",
      "aliases": [
        "ECB",
        "monetary authority"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "compounding-frequency",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Compounding frequency",
      "description": "How often earned interest is added to the balance — yearly, monthly or daily — so it can start earning interest itself.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/compounding-frequency/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "cpi",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "CPI (consumer price index)",
      "description": "The basket-of-goods index used to measure inflation — what goes in it and what a CPI figure actually claims.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/cpi/",
      "aliases": [
        "consumer price index"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "deflation",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Deflation",
      "description": "Prices falling across the economy — rarer than inflation, and more feared by the people who set interest rates.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/deflation/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "equity",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Equity (property)",
      "description": "The slice of your home you actually own: its value minus what is still owed on the mortgage.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/equity/",
      "aliases": [
        "home equity",
        "negative equity"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "future-value",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Future value",
      "description": "What an amount of money will be worth at a set date in the future, given a rate of growth.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/future-value/",
      "aliases": [
        "FV"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "gregorian-calendar",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Gregorian calendar",
      "description": "The civil calendar most of the world runs on, introduced in 1582 to stop the seasons drifting through the year.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/gregorian-calendar/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "gross-and-net",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Gross and net",
      "description": "Gross is the amount with everything included; net is what remains after deductions — which is which depends on context.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/gross-and-net/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "iso-8601",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "ISO 8601",
      "description": "The international standard for writing dates and times — year first, so dates sort correctly as text.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/iso-8601/",
      "aliases": [
        "iso date format"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "ltv",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "LTV (loan-to-value)",
      "description": "The mortgage as a percentage of the property’s value — the number that sets your deposit and often your rate.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/ltv/",
      "aliases": [
        "loan-to-value",
        "loan to value ratio"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "percentage-point",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Percentage point",
      "description": "The unit for the gap between two percentages — the difference between 4% and 6% is two percentage points, not 2%.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/percentage-point/",
      "aliases": [
        "pp",
        "points"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "policy-rate",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Policy rate",
      "description": "The interest rate a central bank sets on purpose — the lever every other rate in the economy takes its cue from.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/policy-rate/",
      "aliases": [
        "base rate",
        "key interest rate"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "principal",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Principal",
      "description": "The original amount of money saved, invested or borrowed, before any interest is added.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/principal/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "purchasing-power",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Purchasing power",
      "description": "What money can actually buy — the quantity inflation erodes even while the number in the account grows.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/purchasing-power/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "real-return",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Real return",
      "description": "An investment’s return after inflation — the growth in what your money can actually buy.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/real-return/",
      "aliases": [
        "inflation-adjusted return"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "utc",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "UTC (Coordinated Universal Time)",
      "description": "The world’s reference clock — the time standard every time zone is defined as an offset from.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/utc/",
      "aliases": [
        "coordinated universal time"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "zero-rated",
      "type": "glossaryTerm",
      "title": "Zero-rated (VAT)",
      "description": "Goods taxed at a VAT rate of nothing — which is not the same as being exempt, and the difference matters to businesses.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/glossary/zero-rated/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "adding-and-removing-vat",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Adding and removing VAT: the maths",
      "description": "Adding VAT multiplies; removing it divides. Why subtracting the rate from a gross price is always wrong.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/adding-and-removing-vat/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "bridge-days",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Bridge days: the arithmetic of long weekends",
      "description": "A holiday on a Tuesday means one leave day buys four days off. How bridge days work and how to spot the best ones.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/bridge-days/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "compound-interest-and-inflation",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Compound interest and inflation: real returns",
      "description": "Why the growth you see is not the growth you get, and how to think about returns after inflation.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/compound-interest-and-inflation/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "compound-interest-and-pensions",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Why compound interest makes pensions work",
      "description": "How decades of compounding do most of the work in a pension, and why starting earlier beats contributing more.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/compound-interest-and-pensions/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "compound-interest-formula",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "The compound interest formula, explained",
      "description": "What FV = P(1 + r/n)^(nt) actually says, term by term, with a worked calculation you can follow.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/compound-interest-formula/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "compound-interest-mistakes",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Common compound interest mistakes",
      "description": "The misunderstandings that quietly cost savers money — and how to avoid each one.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/compound-interest-mistakes/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "compound-interest-on-debt",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "When compound interest works against you",
      "description": "Compounding applies to what you owe as well as what you save — credit cards, loans and how to read APR.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/compound-interest-on-debt/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "cost-of-buying-a-home-ireland",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "The cost of buying a home in Ireland beyond the price",
      "description": "Stamp duty, legal fees, valuation and the other costs that arrive on top of the deposit.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/cost-of-buying-a-home-ireland/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "counting-days-between-dates",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Counting days between dates",
      "description": "Inclusive or exclusive, calendar days or working days — the counting choices that change the answer by a day or more.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/counting-days-between-dates/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "current-vat-rates-ireland",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Current VAT rates in Ireland",
      "description": "Ireland’s VAT rates as published by Revenue — the standard 23%, the reduced rates, and what “as of” really means.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/current-vat-rates-ireland/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "fractions-decimals-percentages",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Fractions, decimals and percentages",
      "description": "The same number in three costumes: converting between fractions, decimals and percentages in both directions.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/fractions-decimals-percentages/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-central-banks-set-rates",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How central banks set interest rates",
      "description": "The ECB’s three key rates, the six-week rhythm, and what a central bank is actually steering when it moves them.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-central-banks-set-rates/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-compound-interest-works",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How compound interest works",
      "description": "The four moving parts — principal, rate, frequency and time — and how each one changes what you end up with.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-compound-interest-works/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-inflation-compounds",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How inflation compounds",
      "description": "Inflation is compound interest pointed at prices: the same loop, running against your money instead of for it.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-inflation-compounds/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-leap-years-work",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How leap years work",
      "description": "The full leap-year rule — including the century exception most people never meet — and why the calendar needs it.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-leap-years-work/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-mortgages-work",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How mortgage repayments work",
      "description": "What a mortgage repayment is made of, why early payments are mostly interest, and how the balance actually falls.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-mortgages-work/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-much-can-you-borrow-mortgage",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How much you can borrow for a mortgage in Ireland",
      "description": "The Central Bank loan-to-income limits, how lenders apply them, and what they mean for your price range.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-much-can-you-borrow-mortgage/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-rate-changes-reach-you",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How a rate change reaches your pocket",
      "description": "Transmission, in euros: what a quarter-point does to a €300,000 mortgage and what a full point does to savings.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-rate-changes-reach-you/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-to-calculate-percentages",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How to calculate percentages",
      "description": "The three questions every percentage problem reduces to, and how to answer each one without a formula sheet.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-to-calculate-percentages/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "how-vat-works",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How VAT works",
      "description": "Value-added tax explained: charged at every stage, reclaimed by businesses, and finally paid by the consumer.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/how-vat-works/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "mortgage-deposit-ireland",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How much deposit you need for a mortgage in Ireland",
      "description": "The Central Bank deposit rules for first-time buyers, movers and buy-to-let — and what they mean for your budget.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/mortgage-deposit-ireland/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "mortgage-overpayments",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Mortgage overpayments: how they cut years and interest",
      "description": "Why paying a little extra each month removes a surprising amount of interest, and what to check before you start.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/mortgage-overpayments/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "mortgage-term-length",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Choosing a mortgage term: what the years really cost",
      "description": "A longer term lowers the monthly payment and raises the total cost. The trade-off, in honest numbers.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/mortgage-term-length/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "percentage-change-explained",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Percentage change, explained",
      "description": "How percentage increase and decrease work, why the direction matters, and why a fall needs a bigger rise to undo it.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/percentage-change-explained/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "percentage-points-vs-percent",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Percentage points vs percent",
      "description": "A rate rising \"by 2%\" and \"by 2 percentage points\" are different claims — how to read each and why headlines blur them.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/percentage-points-vs-percent/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "reverse-percentages",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Reverse percentages: finding the original number",
      "description": "How to get back to the price before a percentage was added — and why subtracting the percentage gives the wrong answer.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/reverse-percentages/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "rule-of-72",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "The Rule of 72",
      "description": "A mental shortcut for how long money takes to double — how it works, how accurate it is, and where it breaks down.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/rule-of-72/",
      "aliases": [
        "rule of 70",
        "doubling rule"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "saving-monthly-vs-lump-sum",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Saving monthly vs investing a lump sum",
      "description": "Which builds more: steady monthly saving or a one-off lump sum? The honest maths on both.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/saving-monthly-vs-lump-sum/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "switching-your-mortgage",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Switching your mortgage: how it works",
      "description": "What switching lender involves, when it saves money, and the costs and checks along the way.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/switching-your-mortgage/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "tax-and-compound-interest",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "How tax affects compound interest",
      "description": "Interest is usually taxable, and tax paid along the way compounds too. How to think about returns after tax, with Ireland’s DIRT as a worked case.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/tax-and-compound-interest/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "the-2-percent-target",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Why central banks target 2% inflation",
      "description": "Why the target is low-but-not-zero, what 2% quietly does over decades, and what happens when inflation misses it.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/the-2-percent-target/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "utc-and-time-zones",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "UTC and time zones",
      "description": "What UTC is, how time zones offset from it, and why two places can be on different dates at the same moment.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/utc-and-time-zones/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "week-numbers-explained",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Week numbers, explained",
      "description": "How ISO week numbers are assigned, why some years have 53 weeks, and why 30 December can belong to next year.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/week-numbers-explained/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "what-is-an-interest-rate",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "What is an interest rate?",
      "description": "The price of money: what a rate actually prices, who pays whom, and why one economy has many rates at once.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/what-is-an-interest-rate/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "what-is-compound-interest",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "What is compound interest?",
      "description": "A plain explanation of compound interest, why it accelerates, and why it matters for anyone saving or borrowing.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/what-is-compound-interest/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "what-is-inflation",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "What is inflation?",
      "description": "Inflation is the rate at which prices rise and money’s buying power falls — how it is measured and why it compounds.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/what-is-inflation/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "who-actually-pays-vat",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Who actually pays VAT",
      "description": "Businesses collect it, reclaim it and hand it on — the whole chain lands on the final consumer. How and why.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/who-actually-pays-vat/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "why-months-have-different-lengths",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Why the months have different lengths",
      "description": "Why February is short and the rest are a jumble: the Roman calendar politics still printed on every wall calendar.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/why-months-have-different-lengths/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "why-rates-rise-and-fall",
      "type": "guide",
      "title": "Why interest rates rise and fall",
      "description": "Rates move because inflation moves: the steering logic, and why the real rate is the number that decides behaviour.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/guides/why-rates-rise-and-fall/",
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "q-53-week-year",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Can a year have 53 weeks?",
      "description": "Can a year have 53 weeks?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Yes. In the ISO week system, a year that starts on a Thursday — or on a Wednesday in a leap year — contains 53 numbered weeks, and 2026 is one of them."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-add-percent",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I add a percentage to a number?",
      "description": "How do I add a percentage to a number?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Multiply by one plus the rate: adding 15% to 200 gives 230. Removing a percentage later is not the mirror image — undoing an increase means dividing, not subtracting."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-add-vat-how",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I add VAT to a price?",
      "description": "How do I add VAT to a price?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "You add VAT by multiplying the net price by one plus the VAT rate. A €100 net price with 23% VAT becomes €100 x 1.23 = €123 gross. The VAT amount on its own is simply the net price multiplied by the rate, so on that same €100 it comes to €23."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-apr-vs-aer",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is the difference between APR and AER?",
      "description": "What is the difference between APR and AER?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "APR describes the yearly cost of borrowing, including standard charges. AER describes what savings genuinely pay once compounding frequency is included. One prices debt, the other prices saving."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-basis-points",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What are basis points?",
      "description": "What are basis points?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "A basis point is one hundredth of a percentage point: 100 basis points make one percentage point, so a rate moving 25 basis points has moved 0.25 percentage points. Finance uses them because rate moves are small and 'percent' invites confusion with relative change."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-bridge-day",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is a bridge day?",
      "description": "What is a bridge day?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "A bridge day is a single day of annual leave taken between a public holiday and a weekend, joining the two into one unbroken run of days off. It works because it removes the one working day that would otherwise split the break in two. Bridge days are the most efficient way to spend annual leave: a public holiday on a Tuesday or Thursday means one leave day can buy four consecutive days off instead of just a long weekend. Which dates qualify depends on where the public holiday falls in a given year, so the same holiday can offer a bridge day one year and not the next."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-business-days-count",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How are working days counted?",
      "description": "How are working days counted?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Working days conventionally means Mondays to Fridays, so a Friday deadline moved three calendar days lands on Monday — one working day later. Public holidays differ by country, so they are subtracted separately from your national list."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-compound-interest-on-debt",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Does compound interest apply to debt?",
      "description": "Does compound interest apply to debt?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Yes. Unpaid interest is added to the balance and then earns interest itself, the same acceleration that grows savings grows debt. Credit cards are the everyday example."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-contributions-compound",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Do regular contributions earn compound interest too?",
      "description": "Do regular contributions earn compound interest too?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Yes: every contribution starts its own compounding clock the moment it lands. That's why steady monthly saving builds so much more than the deposits alone: €100 a month for 30 years at 5% becomes €83,226, of which only €36,000 was paid in."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-days-in-a-year",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How many days are in a year?",
      "description": "How many days are in a year?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "365 in an ordinary year, 366 in a leap year like 2024. Averaged over the Gregorian calendar's full 400-year cycle, a year is 365.2425 days — the fraction is why leap years exist."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-ecb-three-rates",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What are the ECB’s three interest rates?",
      "description": "What are the ECB’s three interest rates?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "The ECB's three key rates are the main refinancing operations rate, the rate banks pay to borrow from the ECB for a week; the marginal lending facility rate, for overnight borrowing; and the deposit facility rate, for overnight deposits, as set out in the ECB's own explainer. All three move together at the Governing Council's roughly six-weekly meetings, though by not always the same amount. Their current levels are published by the ECB and change over time, so any specific figure should be checked against the latest ECB release."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-einstein-compound-interest",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Did Einstein really call compound interest the eighth wonder of the world?",
      "description": "Did Einstein really call compound interest the eighth wonder of the world?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "There is no credible evidence Einstein said it. Researchers at Quote Investigator traced the \"eighth wonder of the world\" attribution and found it appearing decades after his death, with no source in his own writings. Treat it as apocryphal: the maths is impressive enough without the celebrity endorsement."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-every-4-years-leap",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is every fourth year a leap year?",
      "description": "Is every fourth year a leap year?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Almost: century years are skipped unless divisible by 400. So 1900 was not a leap year, 2000 was, and 2100 will not be. The exception keeps the calendar aligned with a year that is slightly shorter than 365.25 days."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-gross-vs-net",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is the difference between gross and net?",
      "description": "What is the difference between gross and net?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Gross is the total figure before anything is taken out; net is what remains after a deduction, which is VAT in the case of prices and tax in the case of pay. A business that quotes a price \"plus VAT\" is quoting its net price, with VAT still to be added. A shelf price a consumer sees in a shop, by contrast, is gross, since VAT is already included."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-holidays-ireland-2026",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How many public holidays does Ireland have in 2026?",
      "description": "How many public holidays does Ireland have in 2026?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Ireland has 10 nationwide public holidays in 2026, according to the Nager.Date open dataset as of this review. Six of the ten fall on a Monday, giving most workers a run of long weekends through the year. Only one of the ten lands on a weekend, so almost every holiday adds a genuine extra day off rather than overlapping with time off you'd have had anyway."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-holidays-uk-2026",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How many bank holidays does the UK have in 2026?",
      "description": "How many bank holidays does the UK have in 2026?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Five bank holidays are common to the whole UK in 2026, according to the Nager.Date open dataset as of this review. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland each add their own holidays on top of those five, and each nation's calendar differs. So the actual number you get depends on where in the UK you live, and it will be higher than five for everyone."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-how-long-to-double",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How long does it take to double your money?",
      "description": "How long does it take to double your money?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Divide 72 by the annual rate for a quick estimate: at 6%, that's roughly 12 years, and the exact figure is 11.9. The estimate is reliable for ordinary rates and only drifts off at extremes."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-how-often-do-banks-compound",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How often do banks compound interest?",
      "description": "How often do banks compound interest?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "It varies by account and bank; monthly and yearly are both common. The honest way to compare accounts is the AER, which folds compounding frequency into a single rate."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-how-old-am-i",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I work out my exact age in years, months and days?",
      "description": "How do I work out my exact age in years, months and days?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Work out your exact age by counting completed calendar units in order: full years since birth, then full months, then whatever days are left over. Someone born on 7 July 1990 is exactly 36 years, 0 months and 0 days old on 7 July 2026, having lived 13,149 days. An age calculator does this in one step and handles 29 February birthdays exactly, so you never have to work out leap-year rules by hand."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-inflation-cancel",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Does inflation cancel out compound interest?",
      "description": "Does inflation cancel out compound interest?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "It offsets part of it, not all of it. Growth in euros (nominal) and growth in buying power (real) are different: roughly, the real return equals the rate minus inflation. At 5% growth with 2% inflation, the real rate is about 2.94%."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-is-compound-interest-taxed",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is compound interest taxed?",
      "description": "Is compound interest taxed?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Usually yes: interest is taxable income in most countries. In Ireland, deposit interest is subject to DIRT at 33%, the rate published by Revenue as of this review. Rules and rates vary by country and circumstance, so official tax guidance is the source of truth."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-is-inflation-bad",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is inflation always bad?",
      "description": "Is inflation always bad?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Inflation is not inherently bad: central banks deliberately target around 2% rather than zero, keeping a buffer above deflation, which they fear more. What actually hurts is inflation running faster than your income and savings grow, since at that point your buying power falls in real terms even as the numbers on your payslip or balance stay the same or rise."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-leap-day-birthday",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "When do people born on 29 February celebrate their birthday?",
      "description": "When do people born on 29 February celebrate their birthday?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "In non-leap years, most people born on 29 February celebrate on 28 February or 1 March — convention, and in some places a legal definition for milestone ages, decides which. The date itself returns every four years: someone born on 29 February 2000 had seen just 6 actual leap-day birthdays by 2026."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-monthly-or-annual-better",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is monthly compounding better than annual?",
      "description": "Is monthly compounding better than annual?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Monthly, slightly, at the same nominal rate: on €10,000 at 5% over 10 years, monthly compounding beats annual by €181.14. It's a real but small difference, and rate and time matter far more. AER lets you compare accounts fairly regardless of how often they compound."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-25-or-35",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is a 25-year or 35-year mortgage better?",
      "description": "Is a 25-year or 35-year mortgage better?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Neither is better in general: on €300,000 at 4%, the 35-year term costs €1,328.32 a month against €1,583.51 for 25 years, but €257,896 in total interest against €175,053. The longer term buys monthly breathing room; the shorter one buys a lower total cost. Many borrowers take a longer term and overpay when they can, which shortens it voluntarily."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-deposit-how-much",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How much deposit do I need to buy a house in Ireland?",
      "description": "How much deposit do I need to buy a house in Ireland?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "You need at least 10% of the price if you're a first-time buyer or a second/subsequent buyer, and 30% for a buy-to-let, under the Central Bank of Ireland's mortgage measures (as of this review). On a €350,000 home, that means at least €35,000 saved. Lenders have limited discretion to go below these limits in a small share of cases, but you shouldn't count on it."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-fixed-rate-ends",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What happens when my fixed rate ends?",
      "description": "What happens when my fixed rate ends?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "You roll onto the lender's default rate — usually a variable rate — unless you choose a new fixed rate or switch lender. Doing nothing is itself a decision, and it's often the most expensive of the three. Compare your options on APRC before the fixed period ends."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-interest-front-loaded",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Why is most of my early mortgage payment interest?",
      "description": "Why is most of my early mortgage payment interest?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Because interest is charged on what you still owe, and you owe the most at the start of the mortgage. On €300,000 at 4% over 30 years, €11,904 of the first year's €17,187 in payments is interest — 69%. As the balance falls, the same monthly payment shifts steadily towards paying off principal instead."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-overpay-fixed",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Can I overpay a fixed-rate mortgage?",
      "description": "Can I overpay a fixed-rate mortgage?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Usually yes, but within limits. Variable-rate mortgages typically allow unlimited overpayment, while fixed-rate deals usually cap how much you can overpay each year or charge a break fee beyond the cap. Your lender's terms are the authority, so check them before setting up an overpayment."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-protection-required",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Do I need life insurance to get a mortgage in Ireland?",
      "description": "Do I need life insurance to get a mortgage in Ireland?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Generally yes: Irish law requires lenders to ensure you have mortgage protection insurance — a policy that clears the remaining balance if you die — before drawing down a mortgage on your home, with limited exceptions (per the CCPC, as of this review). It is a specific, usually inexpensive form of cover, distinct from ordinary life insurance."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-mortgage-times-salary",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How many times my salary can I borrow for a mortgage?",
      "description": "How many times my salary can I borrow for a mortgage?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "You can typically borrow up to 4 times your gross income as a first-time buyer, or 3.5 times as a second/subsequent buyer, under the Central Bank's mortgage measures (as of this review). On €80,000 of income, that works out to €320,000 or €280,000 respectively. Lenders then run their own affordability checks on top of these limits, which can bring the real amount they'll offer you lower still."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-most-days-off",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I get the most days off from my annual leave?",
      "description": "How do I get the most days off from my annual leave?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Spend your leave days connecting holidays to weekends rather than sitting them in the middle of an ordinary week. A public holiday that falls on a Tuesday is the valuable case: one leave day taken on the Monday buys four consecutive days off. Which dates are worth targeting depends on your country's holiday calendar and which weekday each holiday lands on that year, so the best plays change annually. Because the calendar is fixed and known in advance, an optimiser can search every combination of leave days deterministically and find the pattern that returns the most days off for the fewest leave days used."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-over-100-percent",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Can something increase by more than 100%?",
      "description": "Can something increase by more than 100%?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "An increase has no upper limit — something that triples has risen 200%. A decrease is capped, because losing everything means reaching zero and there is nothing left to lose."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-overpay-or-save",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Should I overpay my mortgage or save the money instead?",
      "description": "Should I overpay my mortgage or save the money instead?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Overpaying earns a guaranteed, tax-free return equal to your mortgage rate, while savings usually pay a lower rate that may also be taxed, so on pure numbers overpaying often wins. But overpaid money is locked in the house, so an accessible emergency fund comes first. On €300,000 at 4% over 30 years, €100 a month extra saves €28,747 in interest, though personal circumstances decide the rest."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-percent-of-number",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I work out a percentage of a number?",
      "description": "How do I work out a percentage of a number?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Divide by 100, then multiply by the rate: 20% of 150 is 150 divided by 100 (1.5) and scaled up by the rate to give 30. For mental arithmetic, build from 10% (move the decimal point one place) and 1% (two places)."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-percent-to-fraction",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I turn a percentage into a fraction or decimal?",
      "description": "How do I turn a percentage into a fraction or decimal?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Put it over 100 and simplify: 25% is 25/100, which is one quarter. For a decimal, divide by 100 instead: 25% is 0.25. The three forms are the same number written three ways."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-percentage-point-meaning",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is a percentage point?",
      "description": "What is a percentage point?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "A percentage point is the unit for the gap between two percentages: a rate moving from 4% to 6% has risen two percentage points. The same move is also a 50 percent increase relative to where it started — two true statements that sound alike and mean different things."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-rate-rise-mortgage",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How does an interest rate rise affect my mortgage?",
      "description": "How does an interest rate rise affect my mortgage?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "A rate rise increases the repayment on variable and tracker mortgages once lenders pass it on, while a fixed rate only feels the change when the fixed period ends and it's time to renew. On a €300,000 mortgage over 30 years, a quarter-point rise adds €43.57 to the monthly repayment, and a full percentage point adds €178.21. The size of the jump depends on the outstanding balance and the years left to run, so a smaller or shorter loan moves by less."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-rates-and-savings",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Do savings rates follow central bank rates?",
      "description": "Do savings rates follow central bank rates?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Broadly yes, savings rates tend to move in the same direction as central bank rates, but usually more slowly and less fully than borrowing rates do. This is a widely observed pattern rather than a fixed rule, since individual banks decide what to pass on and when. The difference compounds in real money: €10,000 saved over 5 years earns €565 more at one percentage point higher interest."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-real-terms",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What does \"in real terms\" mean?",
      "description": "What does \"in real terms\" mean?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "\"In real terms\" means adjusted for inflation: measured in constant buying power rather than in raw euros. A balance can grow in nominal terms while shrinking in real terms, so 2% interest earned against 5% inflation still leaves you with a real loss of about 2.86% a year."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-realistic-return",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is a realistic interest rate to assume?",
      "description": "What is a realistic interest rate to assume?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "It depends entirely on what the money is in: deposit accounts, bonds and shares behave differently, and Around doesn't predict markets. Our worked examples use a 3% to 7% range purely to show how the maths responds to different rates."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-remove-vat-how",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I take VAT off a price?",
      "description": "How do I take VAT off a price?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "You remove VAT by dividing the gross price by one plus the VAT rate. A €123 price that includes 23% VAT works out to €123 / 1.23 = €100 net. Simply subtracting 23% from €123 instead gives €94.71, which is wrong, because the VAT was calculated on the smaller net figure, not on the gross price you're starting from."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-reverse-percent",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How do I find the original price before a percentage was added?",
      "description": "How do I find the original price before a percentage was added?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Divide by one plus the rate that was added: a total of 123 after a 23% increase began as 123 divided by 1.23, which is 100. Subtracting 23% instead gives 94.71, which is wrong because the 23% was charged on the smaller original, not the final total."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-seven-day-week",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Why does the week have seven days?",
      "description": "Why does the week have seven days?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Historians trace the seven-day week to ancient Near Eastern tradition, with the seven classical 'planets' visible to the naked eye shaping the day names many languages still carry. Unlike the day or the year, the week matches no astronomical cycle — it survives because everyone agreed on it."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-simple-interest-still-used",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is simple interest still used anywhere?",
      "description": "Is simple interest still used anywhere?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Mostly no: savings, pensions, mortgages and cards all compound. Simple-interest calculations survive in some short-term lending arrangements and in how certain bond payments are quoted, but compound interest is the default assumption to carry."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-stacked-discounts",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Do two discounts add together?",
      "description": "Do two discounts add together?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "No — they multiply. 20% off followed by 10% off leaves 72% of the original price, an effective discount of 28%, not 30%, because the second discount applies to the already-reduced price."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-stamp-duty-how-much",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "How much is stamp duty on a house in Ireland?",
      "description": "How much is stamp duty on a house in Ireland?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "For residential property, stamp duty is 1% of the price up to €1 million, 2% on any portion between €1 million and €1.5 million, and 6% above that, per Revenue (rates as of this review). On a €350,000 home, that comes to €3,500. Your solicitor normally handles the filing as part of the purchase."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-start-small",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Is it worth saving small amounts?",
      "description": "Is it worth saving small amounts?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06",
      "answer": "Yes, if there's time for it to work. €100 a month at 5% for 30 years becomes €83,226, of which €47,226 is interest. Small amounts aren't small once they've had decades to compound."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-utc-vs-gmt",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is the difference between UTC and GMT?",
      "description": "What is the difference between UTC and GMT?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "UTC is the modern reference standard, kept by atomic clocks and coordinated internationally; GMT is the older solar-time term that now mostly survives as the name of the winter time zone in Ireland and the UK. On an everyday clock they read the same — the difference is the machinery behind them."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-vat-rate-ireland",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is the VAT rate in Ireland?",
      "description": "What is the VAT rate in Ireland?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Ireland's standard VAT rate is 23%, alongside reduced rates of 13.5% and 9%, a 4.8% livestock rate, and a 4.5% flat-rate percentage for farmers, as published by Revenue and effective from 1 January 2026. Which rate applies to a given item or service depends on Revenue's VAT rates database, since goods are sorted into these bands by category rather than by a single universal rule. Rates and their coverage can change, so this reflects the position as of this review."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-what-causes-inflation",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What causes inflation?",
      "description": "What causes inflation?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Economists generally group the causes of inflation into three kinds: demand pressures, where too much spending chases too few goods; cost pressures, where inputs such as energy and wages become dearer; and expectations, where prices rise simply because people plan for them to. Most real-world inflation episodes mix all three at once, which is why economists keep arguing over how much weight each deserves in any given period."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-what-is-aprc",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is APRC on a mortgage?",
      "description": "What is APRC on a mortgage?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "APRC (annual percentage rate of charge) is the total yearly cost of a mortgage — interest plus standard fees — expressed as a single percentage. It exists so offers with different rates and charges can be compared like-for-like. A low headline rate with high fees can have a worse APRC than a higher rate without them."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-what-is-cpi",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is CPI?",
      "description": "What is CPI?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "CPI, the consumer price index, tracks the cost of a fixed basket of everyday goods and services over time, and it's the standard measure used for inflation. Your own personal inflation rate can differ from the published CPI figure, because your actual spending pattern is never quite the same as the average basket the index is built from."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-who-sets-interest-rates",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Who sets interest rates?",
      "description": "Who sets interest rates?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Central banks set the key interest rates for their currency. In the euro area, the ECB's Governing Council sets three key rates roughly every six weeks as part of its job of keeping prices stable, as the ECB's own explainer describes. The rate you're personally offered on a mortgage or savings account is a commercial rate set by your bank, but it takes its cue from those central bank decisions."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-why-2-percent",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Why is the inflation target 2% and not zero?",
      "description": "Why is the inflation target 2% and not zero?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "The target sits at 2% rather than zero because zero leaves no safety margin: if prices overshot downward even slightly, the result would be deflation, which rewards postponing spending and can spiral. Around 2% keeps money broadly stable while leaving central banks room to manoeuvre, which is the reasoning central banks, including the ECB, give in their own published explainers."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-why-february-28",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "Why does February have only 28 days?",
      "description": "Why does February have only 28 days?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Because the Roman year originally ended in February, the month that absorbed the calendar's arithmetic shortfall — a shape later reforms preserved rather than fixed. The record shows the month lengths we use were settled close to their present form by the Julian reform and left alone since."
    },
    {
      "id": "q-zero-rated-exempt",
      "type": "question",
      "title": "What is the difference between zero-rated and exempt?",
      "description": "What is the difference between zero-rated and exempt?",
      "url": null,
      "aliases": [],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07",
      "answer": "Zero-rated sales carry VAT at 0% but stay inside the VAT system, so the seller can still reclaim the VAT it paid on its own costs. Exempt sales sit outside the system entirely, so there is no VAT to charge and no reclaim on costs either. The distinction matters far more to the business making the sale than to the consumer paying it, and each country's tax authority sets out which goods and services fall into which category."
    },
    {
      "id": "age-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Age Calculator",
      "description": "Your exact age in years, months and days — leap-day-safe, with the day of the week you were born.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/age-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "how old am i",
        "age counter",
        "birthday calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "annual-leave-optimiser",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Annual Leave Optimiser",
      "description": "Where to spend your leave days for the most consecutive days off — computed from each country’s 2026 public holidays.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/annual-leave-optimiser/",
      "aliases": [
        "leave planner",
        "bridge day calculator",
        "holiday optimiser"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "compound-interest-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Compound Interest Calculator",
      "description": "See how savings or investments grow when interest earns interest — with a year-by-year breakdown.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/compound-interest-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "compounding calculator",
        "interest calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "date-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Date Calculator",
      "description": "Days between two dates, working days, add or subtract days, and the weekday or ISO week of any date.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/date-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "days between dates calculator",
        "day counter"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "inflation-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Inflation Calculator",
      "description": "What inflation does to prices and savings over time: future prices, today’s value of future money, and real rates.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/inflation-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "real return calculator",
        "purchasing power calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "mortgage-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Mortgage Repayment Calculator",
      "description": "See the monthly repayment for any loan, rate and term — plus what overpaying does to the interest and the years.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/mortgage-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "mortgage repayment calculator",
        "home loan calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "percentage-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Percentage Calculator",
      "description": "Work out X% of a number, what percent one number is of another, percentage change, and reverse a percentage increase.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/percentage-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "percent calculator",
        "percentage change calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    },
    {
      "id": "savings-goal-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "Savings Goal Calculator",
      "description": "Work out the monthly amount needed to reach a savings target by a chosen date.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/savings-goal-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "savings target calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-06"
    },
    {
      "id": "vat-calculator",
      "type": "tool",
      "title": "VAT Calculator",
      "description": "Add or remove VAT at the current Irish rates — or any rate — with the net, VAT and gross laid out.",
      "url": "https://around.ie/tools/vat-calculator/",
      "aliases": [
        "vat calc",
        "reverse vat calculator"
      ],
      "lastReviewed": "2026-07-07"
    }
  ],
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      "label": "The other quiet drag on returns"
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      "to": "compounding-frequency",
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      "weight": 0.8,
      "label": "Switch the compounding dropdown yourself"
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      "type": "related_to",
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